Many areas in the world face water shortage issues, which shows that water scarcity is a big issue in today’s world. Only about 3% of the total water on the earth is suitable for drinking, as the rest is in a frozen state, either as ice caps or glaciers. Some nations have given priority to water as one of their crucial development goals. Many governments are implementing various projects and new technologies to lower the effect of water scarcity on the population. Some of these initiatives are water location transfers, wastewater treatment, rainwater harvesting, and desalination.
Water treatment is the process of separating dangerous contaminants from the available water, which makes it safe for animals and humans. Its process is effectively divided into different phases to ensure that people get good water and proper sanitation facilities. Water treatment helps in environment sustainability in the below ways.
- Waste Reduction
Proper water treatment helps in reducing the volume of waste discharged into the ecosystem. The proper treatment of wastewater will cut down waste quantity release, improving the status of the environment. Decreased environmental pollution will lower the health hazards arising from a polluted environment. It will also reduce the wastage of water caused by water pollution. It will also save the amount of money the government spends to rehabilitate a dangerously polluted environment.
- Produce Energy
Proper water management systems use microorganisms like bacteria to break down different organic matter, producing a huge amount of biomass. The process produces biogas, helping to generate energy that can be used to power the whole water treatment process. If a significant amount of energy is produced, it can be used in the national electricity production of a country. This green energy will avoid the need for overdependence on different non-renewable energy sources like charcoal, wood, coal, and petroleum. Thus, a country’s carbon footprint can be reduced along with its expenditure to meet various energy needs.
- Provide Clean Water
Several studies show that water resources are decreasing at a dangerous rate. The current water availability cannot handle the needs of the increasing population. Proper wastewater treatment can create a balance between demand and water supply. Filtration helps to eliminate harmful particles from wastewater, providing safe and hygienic water, and ensuring adequate supply for the whole population.
- Production Of Fertilizers
The biomass produced from water treatment can be drained and dried to make organic fertilizers. The world is now trying to reduce the usage of chemical fertilizers because the consumption of crops using chemical fertilizers will have a long-lasting effect. Organic fertilizers do not cause any harmful effects on consumers.
- Prevent Diseases
Wastewater contains several parasites which may affect the population, causing various diseases. Parasitic infection can affect both adults and children. The infection can even get critical. Water treatment eliminates pollutants from water that can be dangerous for consumers. It will ensure that no harmful pollutants are present in the water that can be dangerous for humans as well as animals, making water usage more safe.